Up to 300 African Americans are believed to have died, and the Greenwood economy was leveled. After a skirmish where shots were fired, law enforcement deputized white Tulsa residents, who launched an armed attack, including machine guns, arson, and an aerial assault, on Greenwood.
The violence that razed the area started when an African American man believed to be innocent was jailed, and about 75 African American men, including World War I veterans, appeared at the courthouse to protect him from a growing lynch mob. Washington, who gave it the moniker “Black Wall Street,” noting its economic success. Among the Black and African American leaders and intellectuals attracted to the area was author and educator Booker T. The historical event took place in the then-thriving Greenwood neighborhood near downtown Tulsa, where a self-sustaining African American population had built businesses, livelihoods, and a community, including its own doctors, schools, theaters, churches, and shops.
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